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Category: Utilization of specific carbon sources

Name	Function
acsA	utilization of acetate, fatty acids
acuA	control of [protein\|search\|AcsA ]activity
acuC	control of [protein\|6671E7D85E99D349679F0E9D825DC035D10FFD2E\|AcsA] activity
cimH	citrate uptake
citH	citrate uptake
citM	uptake of citrate and magnesium
citS	regulation of citrate uptake
citT	regulation of citrate uptake
cstA	uptake of pyruvate
dctB	sensing of C4-dicarboxylates
dctP	uptake of succinate, fumurate, malate and oxaloacetate
dctR	regulation of the [gene\|9A96572B101358768EB20EE9438BE0E1424A4130\|dctS]-[gene\|97C34F6FA0B89D93369150E9A8AB3579332B07BC\|dctR]-[gene\|search\|dctP ]operon
dctS	regulation of the [gene\|9A96572B101358768EB20EE9438BE0E1424A4130\|dctS]-[gene\|97C34F6FA0B89D93369150E9A8AB3579332B07BC\|dctR]-[gene\|107DDCC7B6AA2D7CB02E53F043A93CF05C679081\|dctP] operon
lutA	lactate utilization
lutB	lactate utilization
lutC	utilization of lactate
lutP	lactate uptake
lutR	control of lactate utilization
maeA	malate utilization
maeN	malate uptake
malK	regulation of malate uptake
malR	regulation of malate uptake
malS	malate utilization
mleA	malate utilization
mleN	malate uptake
pftA	uptake of pyruvate
pftB	uptake of pyruvate
ybaR	uptake of fumarate
yflS	malate uptake
yoaB	uptake of alpha-ketoglutarate
yraO	citrate uptake
ytsJ	malate utilization

2.2.2.2. Utilization of acetoin

Name	Function
acoA	acetoin utilization
acoB	acetoin utilization
acoC	acetoin utilization
acoL	acetoin utilization
acoR	regulation of acetoin utilization

2.2.2.3. Utilization of glycerol/ glycerol-3-phosphate

Name	Function
glpD	glycerol utilization
glpF	glycerol uptake
glpK	glycerol utilization
glpP	regulation of glycerol and glycerol-3-phosphate utilization
glpQ	glycerol-3-phosphate utilization, degradation of wall teichoic acid during phosphate starvation
glpT	glycerol-3-phosphate uptake

2.2.2.4. Utilization of ribose

Name	Function
rbsA	ribose uptake
rbsB	ribose uptake
rbsC	ribose uptake
rbsD	ribose uptake
rbsK	ribose utilization
rbsR	regulation of ribose utilization

2.2.2.5. Utilization of xylan/ xylose

Name	Function
araE	uptake of arabinose, galactose and xylose
xylA	utilization of xylan and xylose
xylB	utilization of xylan and xylose
xylR	regulation of xylan and xylose utilization
xynA	xylan degradation
xynB	xylan degradation
xynP	xylan utilization

2.2.2.6. Utilization of arabinan/ arabinose/ arabitol

Name	Function
abf2	arabinan degradation
abfA	arabinan degradation
abn2	arabinan degradation
abnA	arabinan degradation
araA	arabinose utilization
araB	arabinose utilization
araD	arabinose utilization
araE	uptake of arabinose, galactose and xylose
araN	uptake of α-1,5-arabinooligosaccharides
araP	uptake of -1,5-arabinooligosaccharides
araQ	uptake of -1,5-arabinooligosaccharides
araR	regulation of arabinose utilization

2.2.2.7. Utilization of fructose

Name	Function
fruA	fructose uptake and phosphorylation
fruK	fructose utilization
fruR	regulation of fructose utilization
levD	fructose uptake and phosphorylation
levE	fructose uptake and phosphorylation, control of [protein\|1D2043CC0D8CF64142F0A5993A936C5A196726D4\|LevR] activity
levF	fructose uptake and phosphorylation
levG	fructose uptake and phosphorylation
levR	regulation of levan and fructose utilization

2.2.2.8. Utilization of galactose

Name	Function
galE	galactose utilization
galK	galactose utilization
galM	unknown
galT	galactose utilization

2.2.2.9. Utilization of mannose

Name	Function
manA	mannose utilization
manP	mannose uptake and phosphorylation, control of [protein\|F273002AF97D87BB025B4F014C328C5592EAD621\|ManR] activity
manR	regulation of mannose utilization
pmi	mannose utilization

2.2.2.10. Utilization of mannitol

Name	Function
mtlA	mannitol uptake and phosphorylation, control of [protein\|1CEDC98C9EDD8F3DEA0AF4B2104DA1BF86E688C2\|MtlR] activity
mtlD	mannitol utilization
mtlF	mannitol uptake and phosphorylation
mtlR	regulation of mannitol utilization

2.2.2.11. Utilization of glucitol

Name	Function
gutB	glucitol utilization
gutP	glucitol uptake
gutR	regulation of glucitol utilization

2.2.2.12. Utilization of rhamnose

Name	Function
rhaA	rhamnose utilization
rhaB	utilization of rhamnose
rhaEW	utilizatio of rhamnose and rhamnogalacturonan (pectin)
rhaM	utilization of rhamnose
rhaR	control of rhamnose utilization

2.2.2.13. Utilization of gluconate

Name	Function
gntK	gluconate utilization
gntP	gluconate uptake
gntR	regulation of gluconate utilization
gntZ	gluconate utilization

2.2.2.14. Utilization of glucarate/galactarate

Name	Function
ycbC	utilization of D-glucarate/galactarate
ycbD	utilization of D-glucarate/galactarate
ycbE	glucarate uptake
ycbF	glucarate utilization
ycbG	regulation of glucarate/galactarate utilization
ycbH	galactarate utilization

2.2.2.15. Utilization of hexuronate

Name	Function
exuR	regulation of hexuronate utilization
exuT	hexuronate uptake
kdgA	utilization of galacturonic acid
kdgK	utilization of galacturonic acid
kdgR	regulation of galacturonic acid utilization
kdgT	utilization of galacturonic acid
kduD	utilization of galacturonic acid
kduI	utilization of galacturonic acid
uxaA	hexuronate utilization
uxaB	hexuronate utilization
uxaC	hexuronate utilization
uxuA	hexuronate utilization
yjmB	unknown
yjmC	unknown
yjmD	utilization of dulcitol
yjmF	unknown

2.2.2.16. Utilization of inositol

Name	Function
iolA	myo-inositol catabolism
iolB	myo-inositol catabolism
iolC	myo-inositol catabolism
iolD	myo-inositol catabolism
iolE	myo-inositol catabolism
iolF	D-chiro-inositol uptake
iolG	myo-inositol catabolism
iolH	unknown, may be involved in myo-inositol catabolism
iolI	myo-inositol catabolism
iolJ	myo-inositol catabolism
iolQ	control of scyllo-inositol utilization
iolR	regulation of myo-inositol catabolism
iolS	unknown, may be involved in myo-inositol catabolism
iolT	myo-inositol uptake
iolU	utilization of scyllo-inosose
iolW	utilization of scyllo-inosose
iolX	utilization of scyllo-inositol
yfiG	uptake of D-chiro-inositol

2.2.2.17. Utilization of amino sugars

Name	Function
frlB	metabolism of aminoacylated fructose
frlD	metabolism of sugar amines
frlM	uptake of sugar amines
frlN	uptake of sugar amines
frlO	uptake of sugar amines
frlR	regulation of utilization of sugar amines
gamA	glucosamine utilization
gamP	glucosamine uptake and phosphorylation
gamR	regulation of glucosamine utilization
murP	N-acetyl muramic acid uptake and phosphorylation
murQ	cell wall turnover
murR	regulation of muramic acid utilization
nagA	N-acetylglucosamine utilization
nagB	N-acetylglucosamine utilization
nagP	N-acetylglucosamine uptake and phosphorylation
nagR	regulator of the [gene\|8F4D075C9B9EF995E361F9BA5E8B52F42059C422\|nagA]-[gene\|0C8D7EAC2656E989E45B5B7E42FAA6D258956B56\|nagB]-[gene\|6D36D6360FE1CBFF5F64B2A6D1406405D6C6F7D5\|nagR] operon
yurJ	uptake of sugar amines

2.2.2.18. Utilization of beta-glucosides

Name	Function
bglA	beta-glucoside utilization
bglH	salicin utilization
bglP	beta-glucoside uptake and phosphorylation, control of [protein\|search\|LicT ]activity
licT	control of beta-glucan and beta-glucoside utilization
yckE	utilization of aryl--glucosides

2.2.2.19. Utilization of sucrose

Name	Function
fruC	utilization of sucrose and glucitol
sacA	utilization of sucrose
sacB	utilization of sucrose, production of levan
sacP	sucrose uptake and phosphorylation, control of [protein\|6796E1C147AA21E919A42A953884DC24E182F430\|SacT] activity
sacT	regulation of sucrose utilization
sacX	sucrose uptake and phosphorylation, control of [protein\|EB330AB3DC6C8C3EC72C4CAFA2BC59CC485EE344\|SacY] activity
sacY	regulation of sucrose utilization

2.2.2.20. Utilization of trehalose

Name	Function
glcK	phosphorylation of the free glucose moiety resulting from cleavage of di-and oligosaccharides
treA	trehalose utilization
treP	trehalose uptake and phosphorylation
treR	regulation of trehalose utilization

2.2.2.21. Utilization of melibiose

Name	Function
melA	utilization of melibiose and raffinose family oligosaccharides (raffinose, stachyose)
melC	uptake of melibiose and raffinose
melD	uptake of melibiose and raffinose
melE	uptake of melibiose and raffinose
melR	regulation of melibiose utilization
msmX	uptake of maltodextrin, melibiose (probably), and galactooligosaccharides

2.2.2.22. Utilization of maltose

Name	Function
glcK	phosphorylation of the free glucose moiety resulting from cleavage of di-and oligosaccharides
glvR	regulation of maltose utilization
malA	maltose utilization
malP	maltose uptake and phosphorylation
yvdK	utilization of maltose

2.2.2.23. Utilization of starch/ maltodextrin

Name	Function
amyE	starch degradation
amyX	starch degradation
glcK	phosphorylation of the free glucose moiety resulting from cleavage of di-and oligosaccharides
maa	maltose and maltodextrin utilization
malL	starch and maltodextrin utilization
mdxE	maltodextrin utilization
mdxF	maltodextrin utilization
mdxG	maltodextrin utilization
msmX	uptake of maltodextrin, melibiose (probably), and galactooligosaccharides
pgcM	starch and maltodextrin utilization
yvdE	probably regulation of starch and maltodextrin utilization
yvdF	starch and maltodextrin utilization

2.2.2.24. Utilization of galactan

Name	Function
ganA	galactan utilization
ganB	galactan utilization
ganP	uptake of galactotriose
ganQ	uptake of galactotriose
ganR	regulation of galactan utilization
ganS	uptake of galactotriose
msmX	uptake of maltodextrin, melibiose (probably), and galactooligosaccharides

2.2.2.25. Utilization of glucomannan

Name	Function
gmuA	glucomannan uptake and phosphorylation
gmuB	glucomannan uptake and phosphorylation
gmuC	glucomannan uptake and phosphorylation
gmuD	glucomannan utilization
gmuE	glucomannan utilization
gmuF	glucomannan utilization
gmuG	glucomannan utilization
gmuR	regulation of glucomannan utilization

2.2.2.26. Utilization of pectin

Name	Function
lplD	utilization of pectin
msmX	uptake of maltodextrin, melibiose (probably), and galactooligosaccharides
rhgR	regulation of pectin utilization
rhiF	uptake of rhamnose oligosaccharides
rhiG	uptake of rhamnose oligosaccharides
rhiL	uptake of rhamnose oligosaccharides
rhiN	intracellular degradation of disaccharides generated by [protein\|217BAA94FB926CDA7CA8800BC6B08371792CEE31\|YesX]
ybcM	unknown
yesT	pectin utilization
yesV	unknown
yesW	utilization of rhamnogalacturonan
yesX	utilization of rhamnogalacturonan
yesY	unknown
yesZ	unknown
yetA	utilization of rhamnogalacturonan
ytcP	uptake of polygalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan
ytcQ	uptake of polygalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan
yteP	uptake of polygalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan
yteR	intracellular degradation of disaccharides generated by [protein\|217BAA94FB926CDA7CA8800BC6B08371792CEE31\|YesX]

2.2.2.27. Utilization of other polymeric carbohydrates

Name	Function
bglC	beta-1,4-glucan degradation
bglS	lichenan degradation
csn	chitin degradation
levB	levan degradation
levD	fructose uptake and phosphorylation
levE	fructose uptake and phosphorylation, control of [protein\|1D2043CC0D8CF64142F0A5993A936C5A196726D4\|LevR] activity
levF	fructose uptake and phosphorylation
levG	fructose uptake and phosphorylation
levR	regulation of levan and fructose utilization
licA	lichenan uptake and phosphorylation
licB	lichenan uptake and phosphorylation, control of LicR activity
licC	lichenan uptake and phosphorylation
licH	lichenan utilization
licR	regulation of lichenan utilization
licT	control of beta-glucan and beta-glucoside utilization
pel	degradation of polygalacturonic acid
pelB	degradation of polygalacturonic acid
pelC	degradation of polygalacturonic acid
sacC	degradation of levan to fructose
senS	regulation of extracellular enzyme genes
xynC	xylan degradation
xynD	arabinoxylan degradation
ysdC	unknown
yugT	unknown

2.2.2.28. Utilization of other pentoses and hexoses

Name	Function
ydaE	survival of ethanol stress and low temperatures

reviews

11018147, 19202299, 17982469


2.2.1	Carbon core metabolism
2.2.2	Utilization of specific carbon sources